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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Resumen del proceso de diseño}}[[Category:Detailed system design basics]] <languages /> [[File:Mainflowchart2012031.png|thumb|right|The flowchart below depicts the major phases of designing a PV system including primary inputs and outputs that flow from one phase to another. System design involves many more secondary considerations than are depicted in this chart, which will be covered in more detail in the article dedicated to each of the nine phases depicted in the flowchart.]] No existe un enfoque sistemático definitivo para el diseño, por lo que el enfoque delineado por OSSP, que utiliza prácticas comunes y el Código Eléctrico Nacional de los Estados Unidos como una guía aproximada, es solo uno de muchos. El entorno, las necesidades de energía, los componentes disponibles y las regulaciones variarán de un lugar a otro, lo que significa que el proceso que se utiliza para diseñar un sistema FV autónomo tendrá que adaptarse a cada proyecto. En cada paso del proceso de diseño se explorarán factores adicionales que deben tenerse en cuenta al realizar un diseño. The approach to design is exceedingly important though as it is the first step in building a PV system that will perform properly and that will withstand the test of time. An improperly designed system, regardless of how well it is installed or the quality of the components that are used, will not perform as it should. The starting point for any design is an analysis of the loads that the system will be required to power and for how long, an analysis of the solar resource throughout the year, the parameters chosen for the efficiency of various system components, and the chosen design specifications for the system. Conservative values should be used for each of these variables. Playing with these numbers or using numbers that are not conservative can lead to a smaller and lower-cost design, but that will not meet end user needs and will not last as it should. Determining appropriate values for to use for calculations involving the solar resource or weather can be challenging for many locations as there may not be locally gathered data that can be relied upon. There are tools that use globally calculated data and perform calculations to estimate the solar resource and annual weather for locations throughout the world, but there is no one perfect tool. The general design principle underlying off-grid PV system is to design for the worst-case scenario in terms of poor solar resource and load usage. Yearly and monthly averages can sometimes hide periods of poor weather and limited solar resource; therefore, it can be useful to consult various resources that have daily or weekly data and consult people work or live in the region. Más allá de diseñar para los peores escenarios, existen algunos otros principios de diseño universal que deben seguirse independientemente del proyecto: * Comprenda el contexto local (códigos eléctricos, legislación, leyes locales, permisos requeridos, fiscalización) para evitar problemas. *It is likely that a person that wants an off-grid system has not likely used a system of this type and may not have even used electricity frequently beforehand. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the designer and installer to responsibly guide the person through all steps of the evaluation, design and installation process. *Perform a methodical evaluation of the power needs, usage expectations and budget limitations that the system users may have. A good design is a compromise between these different factors. *Utilice manuales e información directamente de los fabricantes para cada componente en el proceso de diseño. *Solo se deben usar componentes de calidad, ya que los ahorros derivados del uso de componentes de baja calidad se evaporan rápidamente si hay una falla en una ubicación remota. Calidad no es sinónimo de costo, hay muchas opciones en el mercado que tienen un buen equilibrio entre los dos factores. On this website there are two different approaches to system design: a simplified and a detailed process. Both have the shared goal of making small-scale off-grid PV system design as accessible as possible, but have different intended uses. ===Proceso de diseño detallado=== El objetivo del enfoque detallado es crear un enfoque de diseño que sea funcional para tantas aplicaciones y ubicaciones geográficas diferentes como sea posible. La única forma de lograrlo es proporcionando cantidades toda la información que una persona pueda necesitar y permitir que haga cálculos y tome decisiones de diseño. El resultado es que este enfoque es necesariamente complejo, requiere mucho tiempo y exige mucho de un diseñador de sistemas. ===Proceso de diseño simplificado=== El enfoque simplificado reconoce que el proceso de diseño detallado puede ser demasiado complejo para determinadas personas o aplicaciones. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del enfoque simplificado es intentar crear un enfoque que sea lo más accesible posible para una audiencia lo más amplia posible al proporcionar una herramienta de diseño. La única forma de crear un proceso de diseño simplificado es hacer ciertas suposiciones sobre el sistema potencial e imponer ciertas restricciones de diseño. El resultado inevitable de hacer suposiciones y simplificar un proceso es que hay algunos proyectos potenciales que serán excluidos del proceso y requerirán un proceso de diseño más detallado, por ejemplo: *Aplicaciones especiales que requieren consideraciones adicionales como instalaciones médicas o aplicaciones agrícolas. *Alta variabilidad estacional en el uso del sistema o recurso solar. *La presencia de un generador. ==Notas/referencias==
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