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[[Category:Conductors]]
<languages />
[[File:Wiresize201127.png|thumb|right|A comparison of standard mm² conductor sizes and standard AWG conductor sizes. AWG decreases as conductor size increases, mm² increases as conductor size increases.]]

Conductors come in standard sizes depending upon the location. The proper conductor size for a particular circuit depends on two important considerations:
#The amount of current that they can safely carry given the conditions in which they will be used. The conditions of use that must be considered include: the number of wires in the [[Special:MyLanguage/Conduit|conduit]], the maximum ambient temperature, and the appropriate overcurrent protectiond device size.
#The amount of voltage that will be lost under operation, which is called [[Special:MyLanguage/Voltage drop|voltage drop]]

The wires for an off-grid system must will be sized and selected based upon the [[Special:MyLanguage/Load evaluation|load evaluation]] and the [[Special:MyLanguage/Physical evaluation|physical evaluation]] for a particular site. This process must be done in conjunction with the sizing and selection of an [[Special:MyLanguage/Overcurrent protection|overcurrent protection device]] for the circuit - see [[Special:MyLanguage/Wire, overcurrent protection, and disconnect sizing and selection|Dimensionamiento y selección de cables, protección contra sobrecorrientes y medios de desconexión]] for more information.

The two most common standards for conductor size are American Wire Gauge (AWG) and mm². These two systems are not directly equivalent. The table below shows conductor sizes in AWG and mm² with the ampacity (maximum current) rating of depending upon its temperature rating of the conductor in °C. This chart assumes that there are are 1-3 copper conductors in conduit with a 30°C ambient temperature.<ref name="NEC3"> NFPA 70 - National Electrical Code 2020: Table 310.15(B)(16)</ref> These values must be adjusted for the actual conditions of use of the conductor.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;width: 50%;"
|
|
|
!60°C
!75°C
!90°C
|-
!AWG size
!Area (mm²)
!Metric equivalent (mm²)
!Types TW, UF
!Types RHW, THHW, THW, THWN, XHHW, USE, ZW
!Types TBS, SA, SIS, FEP, FEPB, MI, RHH, RHW-2, THHN, THHW, THW-2, THWN-2, USE-2, XHH, XHHW, XHHW-2, ZW-2
|-
|14
|2.08 mm²
|2.5 mm²
|15 A
|20 A
|25 A
|-
|12
|3.31 mm²
|4 mm²
|20 A
|25 A
|30 A
|-
|10
|5.26 mm²
|6 mm²
|30 A
|35 A
|40 A
|-
|8
|8.37 mm²
|10 mm²
|40 A
|50 A 
|55 A
|-
|6
|13.3 mm²
|16 mm²
|55 A
|65 A
|75 A
|-
|4
|21.2 mm²
|25 mm²
|70 A
|85 A
|95 A
|-
|3
|26.7 mm²
|—
|85 A
|100 A
|110 A
|-
|2
|33.6 mm²
|35 mm²
|95 A
|115 A
|130 A
|-
|1
|42.4 mm²
|50 mm²
|110 A
|130 A
|150 A
|-
|1/0
|53.5 mm²
|—
|125 A
|150 A
|170 A
|-
|2/0
|67.4 mm²
|70 mm²
|145 A
|175 A
|195 A
|-
|3/0
|85 mm²
|95 mm²
|165 A
|200 A
|225 A
|-
|4/0
|107 mm²
|120 mm²
|195 A
|230 A
|260 A
|}

==Cable size==

Cables are typically designed to contain all of the conductors that are needed for a particular circuit. Therefore there are many different configurations of cable that vary based upon the size of the conductors, the number of conductors, and the color of the conductors. Cables will be labeled with the size of the [[Special:MyLanguage/Grounding system#Grounding terminology|current carrying conductors]] and the quantity. For example a cable with three 12 AWG conductors will be labeled "12/3". A cable with three 2.5mm² conductors will be labeled "2.5mm²/3" or "2.5mm² three core". [[Special:MyLanguage/Grounding system#Grounding terminology|Equipment grounding conductors (EGCs)]] are generally excluded from the count of conductors and should be specified separately.

==Notes/references==

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